[IP Address] Address 메커니즘

1. Unicast : 1 Source - to - 1 Destination
2. Multicast : 1 Source - to - N Destinations
3. Broadcast : 1 Source - to - All
4. Anycast : 1 Source - to - Anyone of a Group

 

Multicast

1. Efficient Data Distribution

 

2. Multicast Address

• IP Multicast Group Address
  • 224.0.0.0 ~ 239.255.255.255
  • Class D Address
    • High Order Bit of the First Octet = "1110" > 1110 xxxx. xx. xx. xx
• 주소 할당 방법
  • IANA가 할당한 잘 알려진 멀티캐스트 주소
  • 임시 멀티캐스트 주소, 할당 및 동적 회수
• 예약된 로컬 제어 주소
  • 224.0.0.0 ~ 224.0.0.255
  • Transmitted with TTL=1
  • Example
    • 224.0.0.1: All System.on this Subnet
    • 224.0.0.2: All Router on this Subnet
    • 224.0.0.4: DVMRP Routers
    • 224.0.0.5: OSPF Routers
    • 224.0.0.13: PIMv2 Routers
    • 224.0.0.22: IGMPv3
• IP Multicast vs MAC Multicast Address (Ethernet)
• 32 IP Addresses : 1 MAC Address

 

• IP Multicast MAC Address Mapping (32:1 Mapping)